Calcium and D for Breakfast Show Weight Management Potentia
Lee Swanson Research Update
According to findings published in Clinical Nutrition, a breakfast containing over 500 mg of calcium and 8.7 mcg of vitamin D was associated with significantly increased fat and energy burning over 24 hours, compared to a breakfast containing 250 mg of the mineral and 0.3 mcg of vitamin D.
"Overall, the data indicate that dietary calcium and vitamin D reciprocally modulate both arms of the energy balance equation and hence would play a role in the regulation of body weight," wrote the researchers, led by Mario Soares from the Curtin University of Technology.
The Perth-based scientists recruited 11 people with an average age of 54 and an average BMI of 31 kg/m2 and randomly assigned them to consume meals containing low or high calcium levels.
Results showed that the high calcium meal produced a significantly greater induction of thermogenesis (energy burning) compared with the low calcium control, while the fat oxidation rate also increased.
The researchers also reported that energy intake over 24 hours was significantly reduced following the high-calcium intervention, with 320 kcal fewer consumed compared with the low-calcium intervention.
"This study is the first to show an acute decrease in food intake following a high-calcium trial," wrote the authors.
"Mechanistically, [neuropeptide Y (NPY)] increases food intake through a strong preference for carbohydrate intake and, to some extent, fat intake. Given the 24-hour time frame of our observations and that circulating leptin acts to suppress NPY, the inverse relationship of leptin [change] to fat intake only following [high-calcium intake], may have mechanistic significance.
"Overall, the data indicate that calcium and vitamin D regulate energy expenditure and macronutrient intake," they added.
Clinical Nutrition; Published online ahead of print.
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April 2011